Ibisigo Nyabami- MUSARE-UMUGORE MUKURU

UMUGORE MUKURU = LA PREMIERE CAPITALE

Musare termine bien sa carrière par ce poème de la catégorie « Ibyanzu ». Dans son langage poétique, les capitales sont appelées « les épouses de la dynastie ». En pratique, chacune était le domicile d’une épouse du roi. Ce dernier poème de Musare est l’unique document qui nous informe sur le Rwanda primitif en indiquant l’ordre chronologique de ses capitales d’où sont partis des monarques qui ont conquis les capitales suivantes. Malheureusement ces capitales sont nommées en langage figuratif que nous ne les repérons pas facilement dans le cours du texte. Nous retiendrons les noms connus par d’autres informations comme chefs-lieu de ces anciennes monarchies claniques.

La finale du poème indique 3 capitales majeures liées à des événements historiques célèbres. La première citée est Kigali, la seconde est principale, Nyamirembe, la troisième est Kamonyi. Le drame du poème est un débat que le poète prête à ces « épouses du roi  au sujet de leur  préséance basée sur leur  antériorité .

C’est de ce poème que A.Kagame a pu dessiner les cartes qui indiquent l’évolution géographique du « Rwanda primitif ».

Iyo umugore mukuru
Ashyikiranye n’umugabo,
Bashyikirana b’umunsi
Wa Musatsi* wa Musagwe wa Gifatakurya*,
005 Gifashwa yoherejwe busende i Gisereka*.

Gisegurwa-mutwe aca uruzingo ku rubanza,
I Gicanwa-mbisi banze gusiganira Miheto*
Yamusasiye atakimusasuriye ukundi,
Basasirwa ba Kinini*
010 I Kibatsi bakuje Rwakira.

Bati: muze twigure Nyabyurizi
Nyabwoba na Mirima,
I Kiganda turatabajwe.
Iyo umusomanwa-mbazi
015 Yugurujwe n’uwazimuhaye,

Babwirwa b’irimwe ba Bugiro
Bwa Kiremwa-rinzi na Kirehera-mbuga,
Muguzi agambye Mbaya
Ati: nemeye kuzigurwa.
020 Yamushyize ku nkokora

Atakiyimutswa ho n’abato,
Batindira ba Gicungirwa ho ku Bucuzi
Bicumiye Gicungwa-ngeri.
Bati: muze twicirwe Gaca-nzigo
025 Na Gaca-bwiru ka Nyonga

Inyundo twaguzwe ingoma.
Nyamunsi ngiyi iminsi yacu
Twahanwa na Rugondo,
I Muyaga wa Gatete
030 N’iwa Kirongoro i Nyakirondeka.

Ubwo ni ubwoya bwa Kiryana
Bwakuje Buryamo,
Bwa Bwirukiro i Bunyankuzo.
Emwe ntako ntatabaje iminsi
035 Ngira ngo nzatabarukirwe ho n’abarombezi,

Ba Nyamazu na Mayaga
Mbajishuranye kuronka.
Nyarwuya, nuheza urwangano rwo mu bihugu,
Mugucyuka kwa Nyarwondo uzanshakisha.
040 Bugingo ngiyo indagano yanyu
Ya Runyoni na Rugwe rwa Nyagishi
Mwabwiranye na Rugenzi i Gisahura,
Kizinduka namara kwegamira
Runyinya na Rwinkoko
045 Ntazibwa nsigaye ku nzu.
Mugejeje iminsi aho amabara yageze,
Muzacyukire kuno kwanyu
Mu Binoni bya Nyagishigabo na Gishema,
Mujye i Cyimparage kurambya.
050 Mariba, ntizakwiciye iminsi

Uwahaye so, Nyarwaya
Utashye ku ndagano.
Gisamirwa ngiyo indagano yanyu
Ya Runde na Ruhunga rwa Kibare,
055 Wamenya zazana indongozi i Buyogoma.
Bucyana-mvura nibucya yambutse i Gisizi,
Mba ndose inka i Mukimba
Akazansanga i Nyarigina.
Aho hose ari ho babyarira
060 Ari zo ntaho zanyu Abami

Mu ntara za Nyamazu na Bigurwa,
Mbaromberanye nkazabagurukana.
Ni amaremera mbyariwe
Nimpeza ubwabazi bwo mu bihugu,
065 Nzabacyurire inturo z’Abasindi

I Nkora za Nyarurama.
Na mwe Nduga ntimugire
Mujyanywe Abami
Ba Kingazi na Kiryamirizi,
070 I Kirambiriza-nzugu.

Ni iminsi bajya kwiyereka Gisika
N’isunzu rya Gishinga,
N’ejo baragishutse.
Na we Nyamitavu, naba uburana
075 Ushora urubanza,

Ukurane ku bukuru n’u Buganza
Bwa Nyamiriro na Kiriramata
Zagandiye ingogwe za Bunyigangeri.
Nyarwoga,
080 Naba wemeye Nyarwondo



Urubanza ndusorore,
Si jye ukwiciye inzu ya Bwiciro.
Haba umusozi Umwami atabariye ho
Agatekera abo agabye,
085 I Nganzo ya Kiganirwa

N’iwa Mukansoro Nyirankwakuzi.
Batsinda ibihugu bakabyuka
Bakomeze amarembo y’inkiko,
Imiryango ikaza akamurikwa.
090 Harya ukaba ugaruye n’uwagabye

I Migara ya Kagasa,
Ntiburane imbu
Ukararirwa bushyitsi.
Wakundwakazwa n’Abami bawubatse
095 Ntukure uw’ingabwa,

Uwavutse mbere akazawuramutsa.
Kigarikamutwe uzategere
Ko ikiruta Giheta cya Gishyoza,
Yaguteje Ngabwa
100 Igucyamuza umuheto.

Mwari abantwara
Na we yimitse Nyarume i Murambi
Matambwe yatsinze Ngoga,
Abuzingurira uko.
105 N’aho ntihakuranwa ku bukuru

N’i Bitunga bya Nyaruranga na Rubavu
Ntiharongoranywe na cya Cyicara-bibero.
Ni ingaru zacyamuwe na Rugabira,
Amaze gutsinda Nkubwe
110 I Bwanga-mbanga bwa Biragara.

Ntwere none imisozi
Yakuranywe ku bukuru
Urantege amatwi nkuburanire
Urwa yo urukemure
Buraburana u BUHA
Bwa Mirimo ya Gisabampeta,
Bwatsinze kare mu kuza mu Ruriba.
Aho mubwubakiye mubwereje
115 Buba ibitungwa,



I Gitumba cya Mukoko
Bugira imbata.
Ubwo Kigali yari ibunyaze ho u Bwiri
Aho twitsindiriye Abami
120 Ba Cyintebe na Gihanga-matovu,

Bwinjirira uko.
Aho haba hakuru
Ariko ntiharamutsa Bicumbi
Na Bare rya Nyakanga,
125 Haza hanyuma.

Ntwere none imisozi
Yakuranywe ku bukuru
Urantege amatwi nkuburanire
Urwa yo urukemure

Iraburana KABINGO
Ka Kigarama na Gaseke
Yafashe Kamabuye guhorera Miriro.
Inzira ya Gitoke
130 Ayikosha inzira ya Nyagiko,

Ubwiru bwa Muhanyi bugurwa i Cyuga.
Hari hasanzwe ari ukuboko kw’u Butabo,
Aho Kimari apfiriye,
Cyongera agihungura ko icya mwene wabo
135 Mu Cyiri cya Nyagihimba na Gihima.

Gitsinze Buguru kishyura Mukozi
Aho tuhabyarira imana
Y’ingenzi nk’irya,
Rubongo ava i Rubari
140 Aho tuhatuza urukano.

Ntwere none imisozi
Yakuranywe ku bukuru
Urantege amatwi nkuburanire
Urwa yo urukemure

Iraburana KIGOZI
Cya Gitaba mu Kibogo,
Gihoza azagabira Gihunga.
Intambara ya Nyagako
145 Isubira Mutabazi ho ibikomere,

Kinywa-mbaga na Nemba
Azifasha Bwimba Nyabungo.
Nganwa iti: wabaye umurasanyi
Nturi umubyara-bami,
150 Nka Rwahi rwa Kibuba

Rwahweje Kigeli cya mbere.
Intwari iyo imaze kwica
Yiyereka uwagabye,
Yamara kumwimurikara
155 Igahabwa ingororano.

Ntwere none imisozi
Yakuranywe ku bukuru
Urantege amatwi nkuburanire
Urwa yo urukemure

Iraburana RUYEGE
Rwa Nyacyongera na Cyacyondo,
Gahima azanyagira Miganda.
Iti : nijye wagabye Zuba mu Mironko
160 Gutera Nyarutenda,

Anyaga Rusera iraza.
Rubona iti : uzategere
Ko ari jye wamureraga,
Burega bwa Nyamiseso na Misabike
165 Agihanzwe ingoma ndamwicarana.

Ni jye wagushakiye ndakubonera
Usanzwe uri umwene-Makwa i Bunyambiriri.

Ntwere none imisozi
Yakuranywe ku bukuru
Urantege amatwi nkuburanire
Urwa yo urukemure

Iraburana KATAJOMA
Yo Kijombora-josi rya Kibaga
170 Zanywaniye inzigo ya nyuma i Budaha,

Iti: Rwabakanza ubwo aje
Yishyuze Rwabasare na Rwata rwa Mibungo,
Mfashe Muhozi guhora.
Kigali iti : naguhaye amacumu n’ingabo
175 Ngira ngo aguhambye,

Usanzwe ho umukago wa Nkunayingoma
Ya Nkusi ya Nyambuga
Ntumburanye jye nkubaye kabiri.
Mbese ukaba utangana na Kiviri
180 Ukangana na Rwamasagara na Bugari,


Nkwatse Gitabo mu nyuma ya Joma.

Ntwere none imisozi
Yakuranywe ku bukuru
Urantege amatwi nkuburanire
Urwa yo urukemure

Buraburana u BUSIGI
Bwa Mitebuko ya Bwatsi
Bwikije kare i Cyongera-bageni,
185 Bwari igitwerera cy’u Buriza.

Aho bwiciye Nyabyuho bya Mugimbi
Bugwa GASABO mu maguru,
Aho rero ntihakurana ku bukuru
N’u Rweya rwa Nyakirambo na Giheha,
190 Iyo zagwije imiryango.

Ngushyikirije Abami Nyamirembe,
Abasubiza Rwego rwa Sabwenge inyuma
Are murivuganire.

Ntwere none imisozi
Yakuranywe ku bukuru
Urantege amatwi nkuburanire
Urwa yo urukemure.

Iraburana MUHUHA
195 Wa Nyiramurekezi na Murekera-ngume

Kanyuza azivugira Mugara.
Inyamaswa Mpamya-bucya yonera Abami
Ibishyimbo bya Sazange
Ayiheza mu Ngeri.
200 Gasabo iti: ni jye waguhaye  Umucengeli ,

Ngo agufashe Mujinya
Wa Nyiramahamba na Mijabuka,
Urahamya bwana ngushyira mu ngobyi.
Wari umuroba utagira Imana,
205 Aho twiciye Kibumbwe cya Murwanyi

Nkugira mwendo na njye.

Ntwere none imisozi
Yakuranywe ku bukuru
Urantege amatwi nkuburanire
Urwa yo urukemure

Iraburana MUCUZI
Wa Cyicira-ngeso na Kigimbu
Irayirengera na Kirondeka-migezi,
Ziti: Muroha n’u Rwanika,
210 Ni twe twica urwa Nkunga ni we Nkubi,

Iminyago yerekwa Nzogera .
Rwinkuba iti: ni jye waguhaye impundu
Ubaye umuyoboke,
Urasaniye Munyazi
215 Kinyana yo na Kiremera-minwe cya Butare,

Ntimwanyigomwe ngo mbatsindiye Ndagura.
Umuhe iyo avunye shebuja, Banyange,
N’inyenzi za Gatsinzi
Murishyo yiyereka se.
Ntwere none imisozi
Yakuranywe ku bukuru
Urantege amatwi nkuburanire
Urwa yo urukemure

220 Iraburana Umwami wa yose

Mwendo wa Kigume na Ngumeri,
Ugahaka iya nyuma.
Uwaremye ingoma za mbere,
Ukerekana Abami
225 Uwabaye imfura yayo,

Iyo Mirwa yawuganuje.
Na njye nzi GATSIBO
Nyiringaru
Tugaranyuze Nyakiganda
N’urutonde rwa Kabuga,
230 Iraha Nyakwezi ifata Rusiga.

Ngaho aho babyariwe Abami
Bitirirwa inyonga-nyami,
Za Rwuhanyuka na Rwuhanya-mikenke.
Ngo aha Kirema-mutima
235 Zo na Cyoroha-mubiri na Gisabwa-mvura,

Zatsinze Nyamakwa yima ikiramuro.
Nari nkwiteze ko uza kunyiyereka
N’iz’umugongo unzaniye,
Gicamake cya Kizirantote
240 Nkurata ubugabo ukanyima umubiri.

Ukaba utampaye icyiru
Cy’uwa mbere w’i Gihamo nakwisha
Uwo nakwirishye ngo wantwaye Nyabungo.
Na we Nyamivuba
245 Na Mutamenwa ntimumenya ngo mbatabye
urubanza

I Mugongo wa Nyamabera,
Ndaruburana nkaruringaniza.
Izo ni impaka mwagiye
Zibarira Rubumba rwa Kabone
250 Nkamusenga akazibamara.

Nkarushyikiriza Muhizi
Ngo abaramure imihigo mufitanye,
Kibirizi n’u Rubirizi rwa Gatenga,
Uko mwatanguranywe kurongorwa.
255 Ko mugemuje ishyari mutarizanye

Ubonye Nzobe akwetera ingoma,
Nyamagara akanga kugemuza.
Gikuravuba ntimunte ho umwikomo,
Zo na Gatovu ka Muhima
260 Ngo nazirwaniye na Gitandi.

Urwanjye ndushyushya
Ndushyikiriza Umwami akarwata
Ni we uzubahuka amagambo akayamara.
Narubarura uko ndubonye
265 Nkarushyikiriza Kamara-misigi

Ka Mutsiri wa Bitugu,
Urutannye rwakomeye
Rushyikirizwa abagabo.
Ese ko muhuse vuba
270 Na we akirombeye mu bihugu yatsinze,

Ajya kubyubaka mukarambirwa.
Umva ko u Buhutu bushoye urubanza,
Bugira ngo : u Bunyagitunda
Bwari ubw’Abagobe,
275 Na bo bari iwabo Mabwa ya Kimuga,

N’iwa Kanywa-nzira mu Kinyaga-ngurube.
Umva ko u Busarasi
Na bwo bushoye urubanza,
Bugira ngo : u Bunyagitunda
280 Bwari ubwa Muyaga,

Aho amwiciye bwihongera Rusasa,
Bwa Kirimfuke busumbakaye
Bushirizwa Murozi.
Nyundo iti : umusumbakazi
285 Iyo yitunze ku mugabo agatona,

Nta mugore ukura undi bashakanywe.
Gitambi iti : urabeshya
Imfura irongowe mbere ikura ibivamazu.
Nkarusorora ndukuzanira
290 Ngo uziraramure izo mpaka,

Karama na Kansibo i Nyarucumba
Nkaburana urwa yose
Ngo nyigushyikirize,
Ndora Nteko (Kigali) ihwanye
295 Na Nyamirembe na Kamonyi.

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