Amateka y'Ibihugu-nkiko by'u Rwanda rwa Gasabo I

Ijambo “inkiko” mu Kinyarwanda cyumvikana vuba ni imipaka, ingabe z’impugu- nkiko zivugwa aha, ni ibihugu byahanaga imbibi n’u Rwanda rugari rwa Gasabo rutarigarurira ibyo bihugu ngo bibe u Rwanda tuzi ubu.

Ibyo bihugu byari mu burasirazuba(i Gisaka ), amajyepfo(u Bugesera), Amajyaruguru(Ndorwa), I Burengerazuba(Nduga) ; ibyo ni byo byari birwegereye mu buryo bwa hafi, ariko uhereye kuri ibyo hakaba n’ibyari binyanyagiye mu gihugu hagati ari byo tugiye kurebera hamwe.

Kera u Rwanda rutarashyika ku ntera y’uru Rwanda uko turuzi, rwarimo ibihugu byinshi bingana na za Superefegitura zahoze mu Rwanda, ni ukuvuga ko byari ibihugu byinshi(bisaga 28) ukongeraho inkomoko yarwo ari yo Gasabo ; amateka akaba avuga ko byatangiye kumenyekana ahasaga mu w’1090 ubwo Gihanga I Ngomijana yahangaga ingoma Nyiginya i Gasabo.

Ibihugu–nkiko bivugwa aha ni ibyahanaga imbibi n’u Rwanda rugari rwa Gasabo rutaraba uru Rwanda tuzi ubu. Imiterere y’ibihugu-nkiko by’ urwa Gasabo akaba ari ibi bikurikira :

1.Ingoma y’U Bungwe

Ingoma-Ngabe yabo yitwaga Nyamibande ; icyo gihugu cyategekwaga n’Abenengwe. U Bungwe cyari igihugu kibumbye u Busanza bw’amajyepfo(Komini Maraba, Mbazi, Ruhashya na Shyanda zo muri Perefegitura ya Butare). Ubu ni mu Karere ka Huye. U Bufundu(Komini Kinyamakara, Nyamagabe, Mudasomwa na Karama zo muri Perefegitura ya Gikongoro) ; Ubu ni mu Karere Ka Nyamagabe.

Ingoma yabo yageraga kandi i Nyaruguru(Komini Runyinya na Gishamvu zo muri Butare na Mubuga na Rwamiko zo muri Gikongoro) ; ubu ni mu Karere ka Nyaruguru. Yageraga kandi n’aho bitaga Bashumba- Nyakare(Komini Kigembe na Nyakizu byo muri Butare). Ubu ni mu Karere ka Gisagara. N’intara y’u Buyenzi(Komini Nshiri na Kivu zo muri Gikongoro). Ubu naho ni mu Karere ka Nyamagabe.

Ikirangabwoko cy’Abenengwe cyari Ingwe. Umwami wariho ubwo Ingoma Nyiginya y’i Gasabo yadukaga yitwaga Rwamba, yari atuye muri Nyakizu ; ni ukuvuga mu Karere ka Gisagara. Undi Mwenengwe wategekaga igihugu cye kugeza gitsindwa n’ingoma Nyiginya ni Samukende, umugabo wa Nyagakecuru wo mu Bisi bya Huye.

Abenengwe bwari ubwoko bw’ibikomangoma by’i Ngozi, Kayanza mu Burundi byambukiranyije ingoma ya byo igasingira impugu za Butare na Gikongoro, zikikije ibisi bya Huye, n’ibisi bya Nyakibanda,b yaje kwitwa Ibisi bya Nyagakecuru, biturutse ku Mugabekazi Banginzage nyina wa Rubuga Umwami w’u Bungwe, bahimbye Nyagakecuru wari ufite umurwa we mu mpinga ya Nyakibanda. Izo mpugu Abenengwe bagengaga zaremaga ingoma bitaga ingoma z’abiyunze ari zo :

U Busanza bwa bwa Nkuba ya Bagumana
U Bufundu bwa Rubuga rwa Kagogo
U Bungwe bwa Rubuga rwa Samukende

Ingoma yabo yaje kwigarurirwa na Mutara I Semugeshi(Muyenzi) nuko yica umwami waho Rubuga rwa Samukende, bica na nyina Benginzage ariwe “Nyagakecuru” Banyaga n’Ingabe yabo “Nyamibande”, basanze yararaye bayitera urwuma bakurizaho no kuyita “Rwuma”.

2. Ingoma y’u Budaha n’u Bwishaza

Ibihugu by’Ubwishaza n’Ubudaha cyari igihugu kimwe Cyategekwaga n’Abarenge bari igitsina cy’Abahima bakomoka kuri Rurenge sekuruza w’Ingoma yabo .Abami b’icyo gihugu bari Abasinga. Nibo baba baradukanye amasuka n’inyundo .Bari bafite imitarimba bafukuzaga amariba y’inka zabo .Amariba maremare yo mu Rwanda rwo ha mbere nibo bayafukuye. Ingoma -Ngabe yabo yitwaga MPATSIBIHUGU. Bakunze kuvuga ko Ingoma y’Ubudaha n’Ubwishaza yari ngari cyane,igizwe na Perefegitura ya Gisenyi na Kibuye (mu Turere twa Nyabihu,Rutsiro,Karongi,na Ngororero) Mu zindi Ntara twavuga,izo muri Cyangugu arizo BIRU (Komini Gafunzo na Cyimbogo )mu karere ka Nyamasheke,CYESHA (Komini kirambo ) ,mu Karere ka Karongi na Nyamasheke.Mu majyaruguru ,hari BWITO,BYAHI ,na KARUMONGI muri KONGO.

Abarenge ubwoko bwabo bwari Abasinga, bikavuga =Abatsinze, indangabwoko yabo ikaba SAKABAKA. Abarenge bari biganje mu Rwanda rwagati, ariko cyane cyane Masaka ya Rugarika ho mu mu Rukoma muri Komini Runda (Akarere ka Kamonyi).Runda niwo wari umurwa mukuru wabo.

Abarenge babarizwaga kandi mu BURWI (Komini Kigembe, Kibayi na Ndora yo muri Butare (mu Karere ka Gisagara) ariko aho hakaba hari mu Ngoma y’Ubungwe.Mu gihe cy’umwaduko w’ingoma Nyiginya umwami w’Umurenge wari ku ngoma yari JENI RYA RURENGE.

3. Ingoma y’U Bunyambilili

Ingoma y’u Bunyambilili nayo yari iy’Abarenge bo mu muryango w’Abahima bakomoka kuri Rurenge sekuruza wabo, bakaba bari abo mu bwoko bw’Abasinga. Ubwami bw’u Bunyambilili bwari buherereye muri Komini Musebeya, Muko na Karambo byo ku Gikongoro (Mu Karere ka Nyamagabe) Ndetse no mu Karere k’Itabire ho ku Kibuye (ubuni mu karere ka Karongi).Ingoma-Ngabe yabo ikaba “NKUNZURWANDA “.Ikirangabwoko cyabo cyari “Inumvu eshatu z’inumbiri”

Abami b’u Bunyambilili bari Abami b’imbuto n’amatungo, Abami b’imbuto n’amatungo bagiraga imihango yo guhosha ibyorezo by’indwara n’inzara. Bagiraga amazina y’icyubahiro cy’ubwami :

*Gisurere *Tegera *Rukambura

Mu bami b’imbuto n’amatungo , uzwi cyane mu mateka ni Batsinda Gisurere IV (watanze yarabatijwe Ildephonse ) mu w’1983.Yari atuye I Nyamirishyo h’I Suti ya Banege ,mu Bunyambilili.

Ibitabo byifashishijwe :
Un abrege de l’Ethino- Histoire du Rwanda, Butare 1972 (KAGAME Alexis)

Inganji Kalinga I, Kabgayi 1943(KAGAME Alexis) -Amateka y’Afurika, Kigali 1987(MUREKUMBANZE Gr.) -Le Rwanda ancien et modern, Kabgayi 1959 (LOUIS de Lacger) -Le Bushiru et son Muhinza(M.Pauwels) -Ingoma I Rwanda(P.SIMPENZWE)

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