Amateka y'Uko u Rwanda Rwagiye Rwaguka I

Nk’uko amateka y’u Rwanda abigaragaza, u Rwanda rwabanje kuba isibaniro ry’impugu zisaga 29, buri gihugu kikagira Umwami wacyo n’Ingoma–Ngabe yacyo. Buri gihugu cyagiraga amatwara yacyo ashingiye ku kubumbatira ubusugire bw’igihugu n’abaturage bacyo, bityo ugasanga ibihugu byose bihora birwana ishyaka ryo gutsinda amahanga bihana imbibi. Buri gihugu cyagiraga ikimenyetso ndangamimerere gikesha ukubaho kw’Abaturage bacyo nk’ubukungu bw’igihugu.

Bimwe mu bihugu (bitari u Rwanda rwa Gasabo), imikorere yabo yari iyo kwagura ibihugu byabo bakoresheje uburyo bwo gukonda amashyamba, hanyuma bakabona aho batura n’aho bahinga. Ni ukuvuga ko Umuryango w’Abakonde aba n’aba iyo wagiraga umwete wo gukonda ishyamba, nawo wabonaga ubutaka bunini bwo guturamo. Bamara kugwira, bakarema Igihugu cyabo cy’Ubwoko bwabo n’umuryango wabo bakagira Umwami wabo n’Ingoma–Ngabe yabo.

Ingoma–Ngabe y’u Rwanda rugari rwa Gasabo, niyo yadukanye amatwara yo kwigarurira ibindi bihugu, ikoresheje uburyo bwo kugaba ibitero. Icyo gihe intwaro bitwazaga zari, amacumu, imiheto, imyambi, inkota, ingabo n’ibindi. Bityo uwo muco ukomeza gukwira no mu bindi bihugu utyo.

Inkomoko y’Izina “RWANDA”

Ijambo “Rwanda” rituruka ku nshinga “Kwanda” bivuga “Gukwira” hirya no hino. Izina “Rwanda” riranga ahantu hatandukanye nk’aho urisanga mu ntara ya Busoga iri mu burasirazuba bwa Uganda, kimwe no muri Nkole. Mu gihugu cyacu rero hakaba Rwanda rwa Binaga ho mu Rweya (Mutara), Rwanda rwa Gasabo (banahita Rwanda rwa Ndanyoye) iri mu Karere Gasabo ahahoze Komini Gikomero, hari na Rwanda rwa Kamonyi (Komini Taba), ndetse hari na Rwanda yo mu bya Kalemi (Congo) mu burengerazuba bw’ikiyaga cya Tanganyika. Havugwa ko Abanyiginya bagitangira kwigarurira ibihugu, umusozi batsinze wose wazaga usanga Rwanda (rwa Gasabo). Aho kuri Rwanda ngo niho babyariye (biciye) imfizi ya Gihanga y’Ubwami “Rugira”, n’insumba yayo “Ingizi”.

Ngiyo rero “Rwanda rugari rwa Gasabo”, ngo bavuga gutyo umutima w’Umunyiginya ugatengurwa n’ibyishimo. Ndetse bakongeraho ngo “Rwanda rwa Gasabo, urwo mvuga mvumera iwacu”. Mbese ni mu ngobyi y’ubwami bw’Abanyiginya. Kwitwa iryo zina kw’Igihugu cy’I Gasabo, bikaba byaravuye ahanini ku ngufu zakoreshejwe n’Abami b’icyo gihugu mu kucyagura. Aho akaba ari naho havuye inyito yamamaye hose ngo “u Rwanda rugari rwa Gasabo”

Iryo zina ry’u Rwanda ryakomotse kuri RUGANZU I BWIMBA ahasaga mu w’1312 kugeza mu w’1345,ubwo yari atangiye kugaba ibitero byo kwigarurira ibindi bihugu ahereye ku gihugu cy‘ i Gisaka. Umwuzukuru we KIGELI I MUKOBANYA wabayeho ahasaga mu w’1378 kugeza mu w’1411, yagabye igitero mu Bwanacyambwe. Nuko yica Umwami waho witwaga NKUBA YA NYABAKONJO, niko kuhita KIGALI byo kubereka ko abarushije isumbwe agahita akuraho izina ryabo. Kigali nabyo bivuga “Igihugu cyagutse kikanda impande zose, kikaba kigali” bitewe no kwigarurira ibihugu by’ibituranyi igihugu cy’I Gasabo kikarushaho kwaguka. Kwitwa Kigali, ntibyakuyeho kuba mu Bwanacyambwe, ariko byakuyeho inyito “Kigali yo mu Bwanacyambwe hitwa “Mu Bwanacyambwe bwa Kigali”. Kuva icyo gihe, ndavuga guhera muri icyo kibariro nyine (ku Ngoma ya Ruganzu Bwimba ) niho havuye inyito yo kuhita « RWANDA RUGARI RWA GASABO ».

Ibitero byo kwagura Igihugu

Umwami wa mbere wimye i Gasabo uzwi mu bitekerezo ni Ruganzu I Bwimba ; icyo gihe Gisaka yari ikomeye kurusha u Rwanda wagerageje gutangiza igaba-bitero ryo kwagura igihugu, ni RUGANZU I BWIMBA ahasaga mu w’1312 kugeza mu w’1345, igitero cya mbere mu mateka y’u Rwanda niwe wakigabye ,ubwo yashakaga kwigarurira I Gisaka. Icyo gihe yize ubucakura bwo gushyingira mushiki we ROBWA Umwami KIMENYI MUSAYA wo mu Gisaka, nuko aza kwiyahura kugirango atazabyara Umwami w’I Gisaka akazatsinda u Rwanda. Amaze kwiyahura, Bwimba nawe ubucakura bwe ntibwamuhira,I Gisaka gitera u Rwanda, ingabo z’aho ziba zimucuze inkumbi.

Uwo akaba ari nawe Mwami wa mbere uzwi mu Mateka y’u Rwanda kubera ibikorwa nk’ibyo yakoze. Umwami w’i Gisaka yari Kimenyi Musaya warongoye Robwa, mushiki wa Ruganzu I Bwimba. Ruganzu I Bwimba yishwe n’ingabo z’i Gisaka. Bavuga ko bimaze kuba uwo Robwa yaba yarisekuye ku nkota kugira ngo umwana atwite atazavamo umwami w’i Gisaka. Uwo Ruganzu I Bwimba na mushiki we Robwa babarirwa mu batabazi bitangiye ingoma nyiginya.

U Rwanda rwa Gasabo muri ibyo bihe rwari rukikijwe n’ibihugu bitatu bikomeye : Ingoma y’I Gisaka, Nduga, Ingoma y’i Ndorwa n’iy’u Bugesera. Ibindi byari uduhugu tworoshye tudafite amaboko menshi ku buryo bitari ibyo gutinywa, aribyo Buliza n’ u Bwanacyambwe.

Uru Rwanda rwatangiriye kwaguka mu Bwanacyambwe, mu Buganza, mu Busarasi, mu Buliza, no mu Busigi. Aho rumariye kwambuka Nyabarongo rugeze mu Nduga, ingoma zo mu Gisaka n’izo mu Ndorwa zitunyaga ibihugu byinshi byo mu Buganza, mu Buliza no mu Bwanacyambwe. Aho rumariye kugwiza amaboko rurwana n’I Gisaka n’I Ndorwa bimara igihe kirekire rushirwa ruhatsinze.

Inganzo z’Abanditsi twisunze :

1. Inganji Kalinga I, Kabgayi 1943 (KAGAME Alexis)

2. Inganji Karinga Ed. Kagbayi (Myr Kagame Alexis 1959)

3. Le Rwanda ancien et modern, Kabgayi 1959 (LOUIS de Lacger)

4. Un abrege de l’Ethino-Histoire du Rwanda, Butare 1972 (KAGAME Alexis)

5. Amateka y’Afurika, Kigali 1987 (MUREKUMBANZE Gr.)

6. Le Bushiru et son Muhinza(M.Pauwels)

7. Ingoma I Rwanda1992 (P.SIMPENZWE Gaspard)

8. Le Bushiru et son Muhinza (M.Pauwels)

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