Amateka y'Uko u Rwanda Rwagiye Rwaguka III-Itsindwa rya Nduga

3. Itsindwa rya Nduga

U Rwanda rumaze kwigarurira u Buliza n’u Bwanacyambwe, bwari busigaranye ibihugu 4 by’ibituranyi bikomeye bihangayikishije Ingoma –Nyiginya y’i Gasabo. Muri ibyo bihugu harimo Ingoma ya Nduga yari iherereye mu burengarazuba bw’Ingoma y’i Gasabo, wambutse uruzi rwa Nyabarongo. Ubwami bwa Nduga bwari ubw’ Ababanda, niyo mpamvu bakundaga kuhita mu Nduga y’Ababanda. Ingoma –Ngabe yabo yari “Nyabihinda “.

Nduga y’Ababanda nacyo cyari igihugu kinini kandi gikomeye mu bihe byo ha mbere. Nduga ngari yari ibumbye Perefegitura ya Gitarama yose uko yakabaye (Muhanga, Kamonyi, Ruhango) ukongeraho Komini Nyabisindu, Shyanda , Ntyazo na Muyira ho muri Butare ( mu Karere ka Nyanza n’ agace gato ka Huye ). Kugirango Umwami w’u Rwanda yigarurire igihugu gikomeye gityo habaye ubucakura bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru.

Dore uko byagenze

Mibambwe I Sekarongoro I Mutabazi I amaze kwima ingoma ya se Kigeli Mukobanya ahasaga mu w’1411 kugeza mu w’1444, yihatiye kwigaruria Nduga y’Ababanda iranga imubera ibamba. Bigera naho Nduga igaba ibitero byambuka Nyabarongo. Mashira wa Nkuba wa Sabugabo wategekaga Nduga amaze kunanirana, Mibambwe I yigiriye inama yo kugirana nawe imimaro (amasezerano yo kutarwana ), biremezwa Mashira ahamya ubwami bwa Nduga. Nyuma yaho imishyikirano yarakomeye, haziraho no gushyingirana. Nuko Mashira arongora Nyirantorwa umukobwa wa Mibambwe I, naho Mibambwe I arongora Bwiza bwa Mashira budashira irora n’irongorwa (icyo nicyo cyari igisingizo cye ) ndetse na Gahindiro ka Mibambwe I arongora Nyankeli ya Mashira (yabaye umusanzire wa se ).

Nyuma y’ubwo busabane buvanzemo n’amayeri ya Politiki niho hadutse igitero cya kabiri cy’Abanyoro. Mibambwe I yagerageje kwitabaza u Bugesera Gisaka na Nduga, ibyo bihugu byanga kumutabara. Nuko Mibambwe abonye ko asumbirijwe kandi u Rwanda rwe rumaze gusibama, ahitamo guhunga, ahungana n’ingabo, abaturage ndetse n’amatungo,berekeza I Bushi (Bukavu y’ubu ). Ubwo Abanyoro bateye n’i Gisaka, ariko ntibyakomera, batera u Bugesera, umwami Sangano w’u Bugesera arahagwa. Bakurikiranye Mibambwe, ariko bagenda intage, udusigisigi twabo dutura mu majyepfo y’i Nduga.

Mibambwe I n’Abanyarwanda baza kumva ko Cwa I ,umwami w’Abanyoro yapfuye,barabunduka.Mu ibunduka rye Mibambwe yagiye asubira mu maraso ye igihe yahungaga, ajya kwagira Sebukwe akaba n’umukwe we Mashira wari utuye I Nyanza muri icyo gihe. Mashira rero yaje gusanganira Sebukwe ntacyo yikeka, arazimana. Igihe kigeze hagati baramufata Mibambwe I aramwica , afatanyije na Munyana wavaga inda imwe na Mashira kwa se wabo, amutsinda aho ngaho I Nyanza. Ibyo kwa Mashira birarimbuka, Nduga itsindwa itsinzwe noneho.

3.1. Ibyatumye Nduga itsindwa

Ibyatumye Nduga y’Ababanda itsindwa byo ni byinshi, ariko iby’ingenzi ni ibi bikurikira :

- Ukwirara hamwe n’icyizere ngo kiraza amasinde : Mu by’ukuri bivanze n’ubupfayongo. Dore nawe, Mashira ntiyari abuze ingabo zikomeye kandi nyinshi, ariko we yahugiye mu byo kubana neza no gushyingirana, mu gihe Mibambwe I hamwe n’abagaragu be (ngo abenshi bari Abasinga) bo bari bagamije politiki, iyi idatinya kwigarurira ibihugu.

- Ubugambanyi bwa Munyanya : Munyanya yavaga inda imwe na Mashira mwa se wabo ; yifatanyije na Mibambwe I mu kwica Mashira.

3.2. Inkurikizi ku itsindwa rya Nduga

Inkurikizi z’itsindwa rya Nduga ni intambwe ikomeye cyane mu mateka y’u Rwanda. Ibyo byatumye u Rwanda rubona aho ruhera hagaragara, rutera utundi duhugu. Nduga yari isanganywe ubutegetsi bufututse, kandi bukomeye, ariko ntibyayibujije gutsindwa.

Abanyanduga bakomeje gushyamirana n’abanyiginya. Uburangare ntibwabaye ubwa bose. Mu bitongero by’imihango bagerageje kunga Nduga n’abayigaruriye bavuga ngo : "tuza... nk’inono y’Abasindi na Kibanda". Ni ukuvuga ngo : worohe nk’ifu y’inono ihuza Abasindi (ni ukuvuga Abanyiginya) na Kibanda y’Ababanda. Mu by’ukuri ngo no mu by’1930, Ababanda bo mu Nduga bari bagicyurirana n’Abanyiginya. Naho incyuro z’Abanyiginya ari hamwe n’Abasinga zigaragarira mu bisigo byo ku ngoma ya Cyilima II Rujugira bibwirwa Muhabura, umusizi w’umubanda.

Hari Ababanda benshi batotejwe, maze bamwe mu batarapfuye barahunga bagana mu Buliza, mu majyaruguru y’u Rwanda n’ahandi. Hari abimukanye amazina y’aho baturutse : Marangara (muri Komini Nyamutera) Jenda (muri Komini Nkuli) ; hari na Jenda bimukanye mu Bunyambilili (Gikongoro).

Nduga yabaye umutima w’u Rwanda rw’Abanyiginya, abami barahikunze baharema imirwa myinshi, nyuma ibitero byinshi byakwiriye impande zose z’u Rwanda rw’icyo gihe byitwaga ko bigabwe n’Abanyenduga.

Abanyenduga banze kwibagirwa Mashira wabo, baramuterekereye, bararimba bamushyira mu mubare w’imandwa. Nyamara ngo yaba yari igihangange gishishikajwe no kwagura igihugu no kugitegeka neza.

U Bwanacyambwe bwigaruriwe n’Abagesera b’Abazirankende, Mibambwe I amaze guhunga Abanyoro no kwica Mashira yatuye mu Nduga. U Bwanacyambwe bwari bwarometswe ku Gisaka mu gihe cy’abami bane bo mu Rwanda : Yuhi II Gahima, Ndahiro II Cyamatare, Ruganzu II Ndoli, Mutara Semugeshi. Icyo gihe cyose, urubibi rw’i Gisaka rwari umugezi wa Nyabugogo n’uruzi rwa Nyabugogo mu majyaruguru y’u Bwanacyambwe. Byageza n’aho umwami w’i Gisaka, Kimenyi II Shumbusho, aza gutura ku murwa wa Kigali. Abami b’u Rwanda babonye ko badafite amaboko yo kurwanya Gisaka, barekera iyo kugeza kuri Kigeli II Nyamuheshera (mu by’1770).

Inganzo z’Abanditsi twisunze

1. Inganji Kalinga I, Kabgayi 1943 (KAGAME Alexis) ;

2. Inganji Karinga Ed. Kagbayi (Myr Kagame Alexis 1959) ;

3. Le Rwanda ancien et moderne, Kabgayi 1959 (LOUIS de Lacger) ;

4. Un abrege de l’Ethino- Histoire du Rwanda, Butare 1972 (KAGAME Alexis) ;

5. Amateka y’Afurika, Kigali 1987 (MUREKUMBANZE Gr.) ;

6. Le Bushiru et son Muhinza (M.Pauwels) ;

7. Ingoma I Rwanda 1992 (P.SIMPENZWE Gaspard) ;

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